5 * Common functions that many Drupal modules will need to reference.
7 * The functions that are critical and need to be available even when serving
8 * a cached page are instead located in bootstrap.inc.
11 use Drupal\Component\Serialization\Json;
12 use Drupal\Component\Utility\Bytes;
13 use Drupal\Component\Utility\Html;
14 use Drupal\Component\Utility\SortArray;
15 use Drupal\Component\Utility\UrlHelper;
16 use Drupal\Core\Cache\Cache;
17 use Drupal\Core\Render\Element\Link;
18 use Drupal\Core\Render\Markup;
19 use Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup;
20 use Drupal\Core\PhpStorage\PhpStorageFactory;
21 use Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\PluralTranslatableMarkup;
22 use Drupal\Core\Render\BubbleableMetadata;
23 use Drupal\Core\Render\Element;
26 * @defgroup php_wrappers PHP wrapper functions
28 * Functions that are wrappers or custom implementations of PHP functions.
30 * Certain PHP functions should not be used in Drupal. Instead, Drupal's
31 * replacement functions should be used.
33 * For example, for improved or more secure UTF8-handling, or RFC-compliant
34 * handling of URLs in Drupal.
36 * For ease of use and memorizing, all these wrapper functions use the same name
37 * as the original PHP function, but prefixed with "drupal_". Beware, however,
38 * that not all wrapper functions support the same arguments as the original
41 * You should always use these wrapper functions in your code.
45 * $my_substring = substr($original_string, 0, 5);
50 * $my_substring = Unicode::substr($original_string, 0, 5);
57 * Return status for saving which involved creating a new item.
62 * Return status for saving which involved an update to an existing item.
64 const SAVED_UPDATED = 2;
67 * Return status for saving which deleted an existing item.
69 const SAVED_DELETED = 3;
72 * The default aggregation group for CSS files added to the page.
74 const CSS_AGGREGATE_DEFAULT = 0;
77 * The default aggregation group for theme CSS files added to the page.
79 const CSS_AGGREGATE_THEME = 100;
82 * The default weight for CSS rules that style HTML elements ("base" styles).
84 const CSS_BASE = -200;
87 * The default weight for CSS rules that layout a page.
89 const CSS_LAYOUT = -100;
92 * The default weight for CSS rules that style design components (and their associated states and themes.)
94 const CSS_COMPONENT = 0;
97 * The default weight for CSS rules that style states and are not included with components.
99 const CSS_STATE = 100;
102 * The default weight for CSS rules that style themes and are not included with components.
104 const CSS_THEME = 200;
107 * The default group for JavaScript settings added to the page.
109 const JS_SETTING = -200;
112 * The default group for JavaScript and jQuery libraries added to the page.
114 const JS_LIBRARY = -100;
117 * The default group for module JavaScript code added to the page.
119 const JS_DEFAULT = 0;
122 * The default group for theme JavaScript code added to the page.
124 const JS_THEME = 100;
127 * The delimiter used to split plural strings.
129 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
130 * Use \Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\PluralTranslatableMarkup::DELIMITER
133 const LOCALE_PLURAL_DELIMITER = PluralTranslatableMarkup::DELIMITER;
136 * Prepares a 'destination' URL query parameter.
138 * Used to direct the user back to the referring page after completing a form.
139 * By default the current URL is returned. If a destination exists in the
140 * previous request, that destination is returned. As such, a destination can
141 * persist across multiple pages.
144 * An associative array containing the key:
145 * - destination: The value of the current request's 'destination' query
146 * parameter, if present. This can be either a relative or absolute URL.
147 * However, for security, redirection to external URLs is not performed.
148 * If the query parameter isn't present, then the URL of the current
149 * request is returned.
153 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
154 * Use the redirect.destination service.
156 * @see \Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\RedirectResponseSubscriber::checkRedirectUrl()
157 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2448603
159 function drupal_get_destination() {
160 return \Drupal::destination()->getAsArray();
164 * @defgroup validation Input validation
166 * Functions to validate user input.
170 * Verifies the syntax of the given email address.
172 * @param string $mail
173 * A string containing an email address.
176 * TRUE if the address is in a valid format.
178 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
179 * Use \Drupal::service('email.validator')->isValid().
181 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2912661
183 function valid_email_address($mail) {
184 return \Drupal::service('email.validator')->isValid($mail);
188 * @} End of "defgroup validation".
192 * @defgroup sanitization Sanitization functions
194 * Functions to sanitize values.
196 * See https://www.drupal.org/writing-secure-code for information
197 * on writing secure code.
201 * Strips dangerous protocols from a URI and encodes it for output to HTML.
204 * A plain-text URI that might contain dangerous protocols.
207 * A URI stripped of dangerous protocols and encoded for output to an HTML
208 * attribute value. Because it is already encoded, it should not be set as a
209 * value within a $attributes array passed to Drupal\Core\Template\Attribute,
210 * because Drupal\Core\Template\Attribute expects those values to be
211 * plain-text strings. To pass a filtered URI to
212 * Drupal\Core\Template\Attribute, call
213 * \Drupal\Component\Utility\UrlHelper::stripDangerousProtocols() instead.
215 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
216 * Use UrlHelper::stripDangerousProtocols() or UrlHelper::filterBadProtocol()
217 * instead. UrlHelper::stripDangerousProtocols() can be used in conjunction
218 * with \Drupal\Component\Utility\SafeMarkup::format() and an @variable
219 * placeholder which will perform the necessary escaping.
220 * UrlHelper::filterBadProtocol() is functionality equivalent to check_url()
221 * apart from the fact it is protected from double escaping bugs. Note that
222 * this method no longer marks its output as safe.
224 * @see \Drupal\Component\Utility\UrlHelper::stripDangerousProtocols()
225 * @see \Drupal\Component\Utility\UrlHelper::filterBadProtocol()
226 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2560027
228 function check_url($uri) {
229 return Html::escape(UrlHelper::stripDangerousProtocols($uri));
233 * @} End of "defgroup sanitization".
237 * @defgroup format Formatting
239 * Functions to format numbers, strings, dates, etc.
243 * Generates a string representation for the given byte count.
248 * Optional language code to translate to a language other than what is used
249 * to display the page.
251 * @return \Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup
252 * A translated string representation of the size.
254 function format_size($size, $langcode = NULL) {
255 if ($size < Bytes::KILOBYTE) {
256 return \Drupal::translation()->formatPlural($size, '1 byte', '@count bytes', [], ['langcode' => $langcode]);
259 // Convert bytes to kilobytes.
260 $size = $size / Bytes::KILOBYTE;
261 $units = ['KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB', 'EB', 'ZB', 'YB'];
262 foreach ($units as $unit) {
263 if (round($size, 2) >= Bytes::KILOBYTE) {
264 $size = $size / Bytes::KILOBYTE;
270 $args = ['@size' => round($size, 2)];
271 $options = ['langcode' => $langcode];
274 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size KB', $args, $options);
276 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size MB', $args, $options);
278 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size GB', $args, $options);
280 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size TB', $args, $options);
282 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size PB', $args, $options);
284 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size EB', $args, $options);
286 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size ZB', $args, $options);
288 return new TranslatableMarkup('@size YB', $args, $options);
294 * Formats a date, using a date type or a custom date format string.
297 * A UNIX timestamp to format.
299 * (optional) The format to use, one of:
300 * - One of the built-in formats: 'short', 'medium',
301 * 'long', 'html_datetime', 'html_date', 'html_time',
302 * 'html_yearless_date', 'html_week', 'html_month', 'html_year'.
303 * - The name of a date type defined by a date format config entity.
304 * - The machine name of an administrator-defined date format.
305 * - 'custom', to use $format.
306 * Defaults to 'medium'.
308 * (optional) If $type is 'custom', a PHP date format string suitable for
309 * input to date(). Use a backslash to escape ordinary text, so it does not
310 * get interpreted as date format characters.
312 * (optional) Time zone identifier, as described at
313 * http://php.net/manual/timezones.php Defaults to the time zone used to
316 * (optional) Language code to translate to. Defaults to the language used to
320 * A translated date string in the requested format.
322 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.0, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
323 * Use \Drupal::service('date.formatter')->format().
325 * @see \Drupal\Core\Datetime\DateFormatter::format()
326 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/1876852
328 function format_date($timestamp, $type = 'medium', $format = '', $timezone = NULL, $langcode = NULL) {
329 return \Drupal::service('date.formatter')->format($timestamp, $type, $format, $timezone, $langcode);
333 * Returns an ISO8601 formatted date based on the given date.
339 * An ISO8601 formatted date.
341 function date_iso8601($date) {
342 // The DATE_ISO8601 constant cannot be used here because it does not match
343 // date('c') and produces invalid RDF markup.
344 return date('c', $date);
348 * @} End of "defgroup format".
352 * Formats an attribute string for an HTTP header.
355 * An associative array of attributes such as 'rel'.
358 * A ; separated string ready for insertion in a HTTP header. No escaping is
359 * performed for HTML entities, so this string is not safe to be printed.
361 function drupal_http_header_attributes(array $attributes = []) {
362 foreach ($attributes as $attribute => &$data) {
363 if (is_array($data)) {
364 $data = implode(' ', $data);
366 $data = $attribute . '="' . $data . '"';
368 return $attributes ? ' ' . implode('; ', $attributes) : '';
372 * Attempts to set the PHP maximum execution time.
374 * This function is a wrapper around the PHP function set_time_limit().
375 * When called, set_time_limit() restarts the timeout counter from zero.
376 * In other words, if the timeout is the default 30 seconds, and 25 seconds
377 * into script execution a call such as set_time_limit(20) is made, the
378 * script will run for a total of 45 seconds before timing out.
380 * If the current time limit is not unlimited it is possible to decrease the
381 * total time limit if the sum of the new time limit and the current time spent
382 * running the script is inferior to the original time limit. It is inherent to
383 * the way set_time_limit() works, it should rather be called with an
384 * appropriate value every time you need to allocate a certain amount of time
385 * to execute a task than only once at the beginning of the script.
387 * Before calling set_time_limit(), we check if this function is available
388 * because it could be disabled by the server administrator. We also hide all
389 * the errors that could occur when calling set_time_limit(), because it is
390 * not possible to reliably ensure that PHP or a security extension will
391 * not issue a warning/error if they prevent the use of this function.
394 * An integer specifying the new time limit, in seconds. A value of 0
395 * indicates unlimited execution time.
397 * @ingroup php_wrappers
399 function drupal_set_time_limit($time_limit) {
400 if (function_exists('set_time_limit')) {
401 $current = ini_get('max_execution_time');
402 // Do not set time limit if it is currently unlimited.
404 @set_time_limit($time_limit);
410 * Returns the base URL path (i.e., directory) of the Drupal installation.
412 * base_path() adds a "/" to the beginning and end of the returned path if the
413 * path is not empty. At the very least, this will return "/".
416 * - http://example.com returns "/" because the path is empty.
417 * - http://example.com/drupal/folder returns "/drupal/folder/".
419 function base_path() {
420 return $GLOBALS['base_path'];
424 * Deletes old cached CSS files.
426 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.
427 * Use \Drupal\Core\Asset\AssetCollectionOptimizerInterface::deleteAll().
429 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2317841
431 function drupal_clear_css_cache() {
432 \Drupal::service('asset.css.collection_optimizer')->deleteAll();
436 * Constructs an array of the defaults that are used for JavaScript assets.
439 * (optional) The default data parameter for the JavaScript asset array.
441 * @see hook_js_alter()
443 function drupal_js_defaults($data = NULL) {
446 'group' => JS_DEFAULT,
450 'preprocess' => TRUE,
459 * Adds JavaScript to change the state of an element based on another element.
461 * A "state" means a certain property on a DOM element, such as "visible" or
462 * "checked". A state can be applied to an element, depending on the state of
463 * another element on the page. In general, states depend on HTML attributes and
464 * DOM element properties, which change due to user interaction.
466 * Since states are driven by JavaScript only, it is important to understand
467 * that all states are applied on presentation only, none of the states force
468 * any server-side logic, and that they will not be applied for site visitors
469 * without JavaScript support. All modules implementing states have to make
470 * sure that the intended logic also works without JavaScript being enabled.
472 * #states is an associative array in the form of:
475 * STATE1 => CONDITIONS_ARRAY1,
476 * STATE2 => CONDITIONS_ARRAY2,
480 * Each key is the name of a state to apply to the element, such as 'visible'.
481 * Each value is a list of conditions that denote when the state should be
484 * Multiple different states may be specified to act on complex conditions:
487 * 'visible' => CONDITIONS,
488 * 'checked' => OTHER_CONDITIONS,
492 * Every condition is a key/value pair, whose key is a jQuery selector that
493 * denotes another element on the page, and whose value is an array of
494 * conditions, which must bet met on that element:
497 * 'visible' => array(
498 * JQUERY_SELECTOR => REMOTE_CONDITIONS,
499 * JQUERY_SELECTOR => REMOTE_CONDITIONS,
504 * All conditions must be met for the state to be applied.
506 * Each remote condition is a key/value pair specifying conditions on the other
507 * element that need to be met to apply the state to the element:
510 * 'visible' => array(
511 * ':input[name="remote_checkbox"]' => array('checked' => TRUE),
516 * For example, to show a textfield only when a checkbox is checked:
518 * $form['toggle_me'] = array(
519 * '#type' => 'checkbox',
520 * '#title' => t('Tick this box to type'),
522 * $form['settings'] = array(
523 * '#type' => 'textfield',
524 * '#states' => array(
525 * // Only show this field when the 'toggle_me' checkbox is enabled.
526 * 'visible' => array(
527 * ':input[name="toggle_me"]' => array('checked' => TRUE),
533 * The following states may be applied to an element:
545 * The following states may be used in remote conditions:
554 * The following states exist for both elements and remote conditions, but are
555 * not fully implemented and may not change anything on the element:
565 * When referencing select lists and radio buttons in remote conditions, a
566 * 'value' condition must be used:
568 * '#states' => array(
569 * // Show the settings if 'bar' has been selected for 'foo'.
570 * 'visible' => array(
571 * ':input[name="foo"]' => array('value' => 'bar'),
577 * A renderable array element having a #states property as described above.
579 * @see form_example_states_form()
581 function drupal_process_states(&$elements) {
582 $elements['#attached']['library'][] = 'core/drupal.states';
583 // Elements of '#type' => 'item' are not actual form input elements, but we
584 // still want to be able to show/hide them. Since there's no actual HTML input
585 // element available, setting #attributes does not make sense, but a wrapper
586 // is available, so setting #wrapper_attributes makes it work.
587 $key = ($elements['#type'] == 'item') ? '#wrapper_attributes' : '#attributes';
588 $elements[$key]['data-drupal-states'] = Json::encode($elements['#states']);
592 * Assists in attaching the tableDrag JavaScript behavior to a themed table.
594 * Draggable tables should be used wherever an outline or list of sortable items
595 * needs to be arranged by an end-user. Draggable tables are very flexible and
596 * can manipulate the value of form elements placed within individual columns.
598 * To set up a table to use drag and drop in place of weight select-lists or in
599 * place of a form that contains parent relationships, the form must be themed
600 * into a table. The table must have an ID attribute set and it
601 * may be set as follows:
604 * '#type' => 'table',
605 * '#header' => $header,
607 * '#attributes' => array(
608 * 'id' => 'my-module-table',
611 * return drupal_render($table);
614 * In the theme function for the form, a special class must be added to each
615 * form element within the same column, "grouping" them together.
617 * In a situation where a single weight column is being sorted in the table, the
618 * classes could be added like this (in the theme function):
620 * $form['my_elements'][$delta]['weight']['#attributes']['class'] = array('my-elements-weight');
623 * Each row of the table must also have a class of "draggable" in order to
624 * enable the drag handles:
629 * 'class' => array('draggable'),
633 * When tree relationships are present, the two additional classes
634 * 'tabledrag-leaf' and 'tabledrag-root' can be used to refine the behavior:
635 * - Rows with the 'tabledrag-leaf' class cannot have child rows.
636 * - Rows with the 'tabledrag-root' class cannot be nested under a parent row.
638 * Calling drupal_attach_tabledrag() would then be written as such:
640 * drupal_attach_tabledrag('my-module-table', array(
641 * 'action' => 'order',
642 * 'relationship' => 'sibling',
643 * 'group' => 'my-elements-weight',
647 * In a more complex case where there are several groups in one column (such as
648 * the block regions on the admin/structure/block page), a separate subgroup
649 * class must also be added to differentiate the groups.
651 * $form['my_elements'][$region][$delta]['weight']['#attributes']['class'] = array('my-elements-weight', 'my-elements-weight-' . $region);
654 * The 'group' option is still 'my-element-weight', and the additional
655 * 'subgroup' option will be passed in as 'my-elements-weight-' . $region. This
656 * also means that you'll need to call drupal_attach_tabledrag() once for every
660 * foreach ($regions as $region) {
661 * drupal_attach_tabledrag('my-module-table', array(
662 * 'action' => 'order',
663 * 'relationship' => 'sibling',
664 * 'group' => 'my-elements-weight',
665 * 'subgroup' => 'my-elements-weight-' . $region,
670 * In a situation where tree relationships are present, adding multiple
671 * subgroups is not necessary, because the table will contain indentations that
672 * provide enough information about the sibling and parent relationships. See
673 * MenuForm::BuildOverviewForm for an example creating a table
674 * containing parent relationships.
677 * A form element to attach the tableDrag behavior to.
678 * @param array $options
679 * These options are used to generate JavaScript settings necessary to
680 * configure the tableDrag behavior appropriately for this particular table.
681 * An associative array containing the following keys:
682 * - 'table_id': String containing the target table's id attribute.
683 * If the table does not have an id, one will need to be set,
684 * such as <table id="my-module-table">.
685 * - 'action': String describing the action to be done on the form item.
686 * Either 'match' 'depth', or 'order':
687 * - 'match' is typically used for parent relationships.
688 * - 'order' is typically used to set weights on other form elements with
690 * - 'depth' updates the target element with the current indentation.
691 * - 'relationship': String describing where the "action" option
692 * should be performed. Either 'parent', 'sibling', 'group', or 'self':
693 * - 'parent' will only look for fields up the tree.
694 * - 'sibling' will look for fields in the same group in rows above and
696 * - 'self' affects the dragged row itself.
697 * - 'group' affects the dragged row, plus any children below it (the entire
699 * - 'group': A class name applied on all related form elements for this action.
700 * - 'subgroup': (optional) If the group has several subgroups within it, this
701 * string should contain the class name identifying fields in the same
703 * - 'source': (optional) If the $action is 'match', this string should contain
704 * the classname identifying what field will be used as the source value
705 * when matching the value in $subgroup.
706 * - 'hidden': (optional) The column containing the field elements may be
707 * entirely hidden from view dynamically when the JavaScript is loaded. Set
708 * to FALSE if the column should not be hidden.
709 * - 'limit': (optional) Limit the maximum amount of parenting in this table.
711 * @see MenuForm::BuildOverviewForm()
713 function drupal_attach_tabledrag(&$element, array $options) {
714 // Add default values to elements.
715 $options = $options + [
722 $group = $options['group'];
724 $tabledrag_id = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__);
725 $tabledrag_id = (!isset($tabledrag_id)) ? 0 : $tabledrag_id + 1;
727 // If a subgroup or source isn't set, assume it is the same as the group.
728 $target = isset($options['subgroup']) ? $options['subgroup'] : $group;
729 $source = isset($options['source']) ? $options['source'] : $target;
730 $element['#attached']['drupalSettings']['tableDrag'][$options['table_id']][$group][$tabledrag_id] = [
733 'relationship' => $options['relationship'],
734 'action' => $options['action'],
735 'hidden' => $options['hidden'],
736 'limit' => $options['limit'],
739 $element['#attached']['library'][] = 'core/drupal.tabledrag';
743 * Deletes old cached JavaScript files and variables.
745 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.
746 * Use \Drupal\Core\Asset\AssetCollectionOptimizerInterface::deleteAll().
748 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2317841
750 function drupal_clear_js_cache() {
751 \Drupal::service('asset.js.collection_optimizer')->deleteAll();
755 * Pre-render callback: Renders a link into #markup.
757 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.
758 * Use \Drupal\Core\Render\Element\Link::preRenderLink().
760 function drupal_pre_render_link($element) {
761 return Link::preRenderLink($element);
765 * Pre-render callback: Collects child links into a single array.
767 * This function can be added as a pre_render callback for a renderable array,
768 * usually one which will be themed by links.html.twig. It iterates through all
769 * unrendered children of the element, collects any #links properties it finds,
770 * merges them into the parent element's #links array, and prevents those
771 * children from being rendered separately.
773 * The purpose of this is to allow links to be logically grouped into related
774 * categories, so that each child group can be rendered as its own list of
775 * links if drupal_render() is called on it, but calling drupal_render() on the
776 * parent element will still produce a single list containing all the remaining
777 * links, regardless of what group they were in.
779 * A typical example comes from node links, which are stored in a renderable
780 * array similar to this:
782 * $build['links'] = array(
783 * '#theme' => 'links__node',
784 * '#pre_render' => array('drupal_pre_render_links'),
785 * 'comment' => array(
786 * '#theme' => 'links__node__comment',
788 * // An array of links associated with node comments, suitable for
789 * // passing in to links.html.twig.
792 * 'statistics' => array(
793 * '#theme' => 'links__node__statistics',
795 * // An array of links associated with node statistics, suitable for
796 * // passing in to links.html.twig.
799 * 'translation' => array(
800 * '#theme' => 'links__node__translation',
802 * // An array of links associated with node translation, suitable for
803 * // passing in to links.html.twig.
809 * In this example, the links are grouped by functionality, which can be
810 * helpful to themers who want to display certain kinds of links independently.
811 * For example, adding this code to node.html.twig will result in the comment
812 * links being rendered as a single list:
814 * {{ content.links.comment }}
817 * (where a node's content has been transformed into $content before handing
818 * control to the node.html.twig template).
820 * The pre_render function defined here allows the above flexibility, but also
821 * allows the following code to be used to render all remaining links into a
822 * single list, regardless of their group:
824 * {{ content.links }}
827 * In the above example, this will result in the statistics and translation
828 * links being rendered together in a single list (but not the comment links,
829 * which were rendered previously on their own).
831 * Because of the way this function works, the individual properties of each
832 * group (for example, a group-specific #theme property such as
833 * 'links__node__comment' in the example above, or any other property such as
834 * #attributes or #pre_render that is attached to it) are only used when that
835 * group is rendered on its own. When the group is rendered together with other
836 * children, these child-specific properties are ignored, and only the overall
837 * properties of the parent are used.
839 function drupal_pre_render_links($element) {
840 $element += ['#links' => [], '#attached' => []];
841 foreach (Element::children($element) as $key) {
842 $child = &$element[$key];
843 // If the child has links which have not been printed yet and the user has
844 // access to it, merge its links in to the parent.
845 if (isset($child['#links']) && empty($child['#printed']) && Element::isVisibleElement($child)) {
846 $element['#links'] += $child['#links'];
847 // Mark the child as having been printed already (so that its links
848 // cannot be mistakenly rendered twice).
849 $child['#printed'] = TRUE;
851 // Merge attachments.
852 if (isset($child['#attached'])) {
853 $element['#attached'] = BubbleableMetadata::mergeAttachments($element['#attached'], $child['#attached']);
860 * Renders final HTML given a structured array tree.
862 * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0.x, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0. Use the
863 * 'renderer' service instead.
865 * @see \Drupal\Core\Render\RendererInterface::renderRoot()
866 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2912696
868 function drupal_render_root(&$elements) {
869 return \Drupal::service('renderer')->renderRoot($elements);
873 * Renders HTML given a structured array tree.
875 * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0.x, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0. Use the
876 * 'renderer' service instead.
878 * @see \Drupal\Core\Render\RendererInterface::render()
879 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2912696
881 function drupal_render(&$elements, $is_recursive_call = FALSE) {
882 return \Drupal::service('renderer')->render($elements, $is_recursive_call);
886 * Renders children of an element and concatenates them.
888 * @param array $element
889 * The structured array whose children shall be rendered.
890 * @param array $children_keys
891 * (optional) If the keys of the element's children are already known, they
892 * can be passed in to save another run of
893 * \Drupal\Core\Render\Element::children().
895 * @return string|\Drupal\Component\Render\MarkupInterface
896 * The rendered HTML of all children of the element.
898 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.x and will be removed before 9.0.0. Avoid early
899 * rendering when possible or loop through the elements and render them as
900 * they are available.
902 * @see drupal_render()
903 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2912757
905 function drupal_render_children(&$element, $children_keys = NULL) {
906 if ($children_keys === NULL) {
907 $children_keys = Element::children($element);
910 foreach ($children_keys as $key) {
911 if (!empty($element[$key])) {
912 $output .= \Drupal::service('renderer')->render($element[$key]);
915 return Markup::create($output);
919 * Renders an element.
921 * This function renders an element. The top level element is shown with show()
922 * before rendering, so it will always be rendered even if hide() had been
923 * previously used on it.
926 * The element to be rendered.
929 * The rendered element.
931 * @see \Drupal\Core\Render\RendererInterface
935 function render(&$element) {
936 if (!$element && $element !== 0) {
939 if (is_array($element)) {
940 // Early return if this element was pre-rendered (no need to re-render).
941 if (isset($element['#printed']) && $element['#printed'] == TRUE && isset($element['#markup']) && strlen($element['#markup']) > 0) {
942 return $element['#markup'];
945 return \Drupal::service('renderer')->render($element);
948 // Safe-guard for inappropriate use of render() on flat variables: return
949 // the variable as-is.
955 * Hides an element from later rendering.
957 * The first time render() or drupal_render() is called on an element tree,
958 * as each element in the tree is rendered, it is marked with a #printed flag
959 * and the rendered children of the element are cached. Subsequent calls to
960 * render() or drupal_render() will not traverse the child tree of this element
961 * again: they will just use the cached children. So if you want to hide an
962 * element, be sure to call hide() on the element before its parent tree is
963 * rendered for the first time, as it will have no effect on subsequent
964 * renderings of the parent tree.
967 * The element to be hidden.
975 function hide(&$element) {
976 $element['#printed'] = TRUE;
981 * Shows a hidden element for later rendering.
983 * You can also use render($element), which shows the element while rendering
986 * The first time render() or drupal_render() is called on an element tree,
987 * as each element in the tree is rendered, it is marked with a #printed flag
988 * and the rendered children of the element are cached. Subsequent calls to
989 * render() or drupal_render() will not traverse the child tree of this element
990 * again: they will just use the cached children. So if you want to show an
991 * element, be sure to call show() on the element before its parent tree is
992 * rendered for the first time, as it will have no effect on subsequent
993 * renderings of the parent tree.
996 * The element to be shown.
1004 function show(&$element) {
1005 $element['#printed'] = FALSE;
1010 * Retrieves the default properties for the defined element type.
1013 * An element type as defined by an element plugin.
1015 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.0, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
1016 * Use \Drupal::service('element_info')->getInfo() instead.
1018 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2235461
1020 function element_info($type) {
1021 return \Drupal::service('element_info')->getInfo($type);
1025 * Retrieves a single property for the defined element type.
1028 * An element type as defined by an element plugin.
1029 * @param $property_name
1030 * The property within the element type that should be returned.
1032 * (Optional) The value to return if the element type does not specify a
1033 * value for the property. Defaults to NULL.
1035 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.0, will be removed before Drupal 9.0.0.
1036 * Use \Drupal::service('element_info')->getInfoProperty() instead.
1038 * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2235461
1040 function element_info_property($type, $property_name, $default = NULL) {
1041 return \Drupal::service('element_info')->getInfoProperty($type, $property_name, $default);
1045 * Flushes all persistent caches, resets all variables, and rebuilds all data structures.
1047 * At times, it is necessary to re-initialize the entire system to account for
1048 * changed or new code. This function:
1049 * - Clears all persistent caches:
1050 * - The bootstrap cache bin containing base system, module system, and theme
1051 * system information.
1052 * - The common 'default' cache bin containing arbitrary caches.
1054 * - The URL alias path cache.
1055 * - Resets all static variables that have been defined via drupal_static().
1056 * - Clears asset (JS/CSS) file caches.
1057 * - Updates the system with latest information about extensions (modules and
1059 * - Updates the bootstrap flag for modules implementing bootstrap_hooks().
1060 * - Rebuilds the full database schema information (invoking hook_schema()).
1061 * - Rebuilds data structures of all modules (invoking hook_rebuild()). In
1063 * - blocks, node types, date formats and actions are synchronized with the
1065 * - The 'active' status of fields is refreshed.
1066 * - Rebuilds the menu router.
1068 * This means the entire system is reset so all caches and static variables are
1069 * effectively empty. After that is guaranteed, information about the currently
1070 * active code is updated, and rebuild operations are successively called in
1071 * order to synchronize the active system according to the current information
1074 * All modules need to ensure that all of their caches are flushed when
1075 * hook_cache_flush() is invoked; any previously known information must no
1076 * longer exist. All following hook_rebuild() operations must be based on fresh
1077 * and current system data. All modules must be able to rely on this contract.
1079 * @see \Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheHelper::getBins()
1080 * @see hook_cache_flush()
1081 * @see hook_rebuild()
1083 * This function also resets the theme, which means it is not initialized
1084 * anymore and all previously added JavaScript and CSS is gone. Normally, this
1085 * function is called as an end-of-POST-request operation that is followed by a
1086 * redirect, so this effect is not visible. Since the full reset is the whole
1087 * point of this function, callers need to take care for backing up all needed
1088 * variables and properly restoring or re-initializing them on their own. For
1089 * convenience, this function automatically re-initializes the maintenance theme
1090 * if it was initialized before.
1092 * @todo Try to clear page/JS/CSS caches last, so cached pages can still be
1093 * served during this possibly long-running operation. (Conflict on bootstrap
1095 * @todo Add a global lock to ensure that caches are not primed in concurrent
1098 function drupal_flush_all_caches() {
1099 $module_handler = \Drupal::moduleHandler();
1100 // Flush all persistent caches.
1101 // This is executed based on old/previously known information, which is
1102 // sufficient, since new extensions cannot have any primed caches yet.
1103 $module_handler->invokeAll('cache_flush');
1104 foreach (Cache::getBins() as $service_id => $cache_backend) {
1105 $cache_backend->deleteAll();
1108 // Flush asset file caches.
1109 \Drupal::service('asset.css.collection_optimizer')->deleteAll();
1110 \Drupal::service('asset.js.collection_optimizer')->deleteAll();
1111 _drupal_flush_css_js();
1113 // Reset all static caches.
1114 drupal_static_reset();
1116 // Invalidate the container.
1117 \Drupal::service('kernel')->invalidateContainer();
1119 // Wipe the Twig PHP Storage cache.
1120 PhpStorageFactory::get('twig')->deleteAll();
1122 // Rebuild module and theme data.
1123 $module_data = system_rebuild_module_data();
1124 /** @var \Drupal\Core\Extension\ThemeHandlerInterface $theme_handler */
1125 $theme_handler = \Drupal::service('theme_handler');
1126 $theme_handler->refreshInfo();
1127 // In case the active theme gets requested later in the same request we need
1128 // to reset the theme manager.
1129 \Drupal::theme()->resetActiveTheme();
1131 // Rebuild and reboot a new kernel. A simple DrupalKernel reboot is not
1132 // sufficient, since the list of enabled modules might have been adjusted
1133 // above due to changed code.
1135 foreach ($module_data as $name => $extension) {
1136 if ($extension->status) {
1137 $files[$name] = $extension;
1140 \Drupal::service('kernel')->updateModules($module_handler->getModuleList(), $files);
1141 // New container, new module handler.
1142 $module_handler = \Drupal::moduleHandler();
1144 // Ensure that all modules that are currently supposed to be enabled are
1146 $module_handler->loadAll();
1148 // Rebuild all information based on new module data.
1149 $module_handler->invokeAll('rebuild');
1151 // Clear all plugin caches.
1152 \Drupal::service('plugin.cache_clearer')->clearCachedDefinitions();
1154 // Rebuild the menu router based on all rebuilt data.
1155 // Important: This rebuild must happen last, so the menu router is guaranteed
1156 // to be based on up to date information.
1157 \Drupal::service('router.builder')->rebuild();
1159 // Re-initialize the maintenance theme, if the current request attempted to
1160 // use it. Unlike regular usages of this function, the installer and update
1161 // scripts need to flush all caches during GET requests/page building.
1162 if (function_exists('_drupal_maintenance_theme')) {
1163 \Drupal::theme()->resetActiveTheme();
1164 drupal_maintenance_theme();
1169 * Changes the dummy query string added to all CSS and JavaScript files.
1171 * Changing the dummy query string appended to CSS and JavaScript files forces
1172 * all browsers to reload fresh files.
1174 function _drupal_flush_css_js() {
1175 // The timestamp is converted to base 36 in order to make it more compact.
1176 Drupal::state()->set('system.css_js_query_string', base_convert(REQUEST_TIME, 10, 36));
1180 * Outputs debug information.
1182 * The debug information is passed on to trigger_error() after being converted
1183 * to a string using _drupal_debug_message().
1186 * Data to be output.
1188 * Label to prefix the data.
1190 * Flag to switch between print_r() and var_export() for data conversion to
1191 * string. Set $print_r to FALSE to use var_export() instead of print_r().
1192 * Passing recursive data structures to var_export() will generate an error.
1194 function debug($data, $label = NULL, $print_r = TRUE) {
1195 // Print $data contents to string.
1196 $string = Html::escape($print_r ? print_r($data, TRUE) : var_export($data, TRUE));
1198 // Display values with pre-formatting to increase readability.
1199 $string = '<pre>' . $string . '</pre>';
1201 trigger_error(trim($label ? "$label: $string" : $string));
1205 * Checks whether a version is compatible with a given dependency.
1208 * A parsed dependency structure e.g. from ModuleHandler::parseDependency().
1209 * @param $current_version
1210 * The version to check against (like 4.2).
1213 * NULL if compatible, otherwise the original dependency version string that
1214 * caused the incompatibility.
1216 * @see \Drupal\Core\Extension\ModuleHandler::parseDependency()
1218 function drupal_check_incompatibility($v, $current_version) {
1219 if (!empty($v['versions'])) {
1220 foreach ($v['versions'] as $required_version) {
1221 if ((isset($required_version['op']) && !version_compare($current_version, $required_version['version'], $required_version['op']))) {
1222 return $v['original_version'];
1229 * Returns a string of supported archive extensions.
1232 * A space-separated string of extensions suitable for use by the file
1233 * validation system.
1235 function archiver_get_extensions() {
1236 $valid_extensions = [];
1237 foreach (\Drupal::service('plugin.manager.archiver')->getDefinitions() as $archive) {
1238 foreach ($archive['extensions'] as $extension) {
1239 foreach (explode('.', $extension) as $part) {
1240 if (!in_array($part, $valid_extensions)) {
1241 $valid_extensions[] = $part;
1246 return implode(' ', $valid_extensions);
1250 * Creates the appropriate archiver for the specified file.
1253 * The full path of the archive file. Note that stream wrapper paths are
1254 * supported, but not remote ones.
1257 * A newly created instance of the archiver class appropriate
1258 * for the specified file, already bound to that file.
1259 * If no appropriate archiver class was found, will return FALSE.
1261 function archiver_get_archiver($file) {
1262 // Archivers can only work on local paths
1263 $filepath = \Drupal::service('file_system')->realpath($file);
1264 if (!is_file($filepath)) {
1265 throw new Exception(t('Archivers can only operate on local files: %file not supported', ['%file' => $file]));
1267 return \Drupal::service('plugin.manager.archiver')->getInstance(['filepath' => $filepath]);
1271 * Assembles the Drupal Updater registry.
1273 * An Updater is a class that knows how to update various parts of the Drupal
1274 * file system, for example to update modules that have newer releases, or to
1275 * install a new theme.
1278 * The Drupal Updater class registry.
1280 * @see \Drupal\Core\Updater\Updater
1281 * @see hook_updater_info()
1282 * @see hook_updater_info_alter()
1284 function drupal_get_updaters() {
1285 $updaters = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__);
1286 if (!isset($updaters)) {
1287 $updaters = \Drupal::moduleHandler()->invokeAll('updater_info');
1288 \Drupal::moduleHandler()->alter('updater_info', $updaters);
1289 uasort($updaters, [SortArray::class, 'sortByWeightElement']);
1295 * Assembles the Drupal FileTransfer registry.
1298 * The Drupal FileTransfer class registry.
1300 * @see \Drupal\Core\FileTransfer\FileTransfer
1301 * @see hook_filetransfer_info()
1302 * @see hook_filetransfer_info_alter()
1304 function drupal_get_filetransfer_info() {
1305 $info = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__);
1306 if (!isset($info)) {
1307 $info = \Drupal::moduleHandler()->invokeAll('filetransfer_info');
1308 \Drupal::moduleHandler()->alter('filetransfer_info', $info);
1309 uasort($info, [SortArray::class, 'sortByWeightElement']);